113轉學考2024大學轉學考最新資訊【龍門轉學考】

【清華大學英語語言學概論歷年解答】

轉學考解答-清華大學英語語言學概論92年度

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I
(1) [-voice]

(2) [+high]

(3) [+bilabial]

(4) [-nasal, -lateral ]

(5) [-back]

II
/z/↗[s] / [+consonantal, -voice] __ ﹟

→["z]/ [+consonantal, +strident, -labial] __﹟

↘[z] / elsewhere

III

1. Soup doesn't belong to the group because while the rest of

the group share the property of being object, soup denotes liquid.

2. Swim doesn't belong to the group because while the rest of

the group take place on the ground, swim occurs in water.

3. Dead doesn't belong to the group because while the rest of

the group describe a living man,

dead denotes a man who passed away.

4. Chalk is different from the rest of the group. The rest of

the group are printed paper bound together

while chalk is used to write on blackboard.

5. I have no idea.

IV

Greek: tragedy, theater

Latin: logic, agenda

V

Synthetic language is a language whose words are made up of

free morphemes and bound affixes.

By studying the bound affixes,

we can know the grammatical function of the word.

That is, in old English, though the word order is disturbed,

we still can know which is the subject, and which is the object.

In analytic language, it builds up the sentence's meaning

by the combination of free morphemes,

and it rarely uses bound affixes.

In modern English, we have to know the meaning by the word order.

For example, the dog chases the cat,

we know it is the dog doing the action; if the sentence is

---the cat chases the dog, it is the cat chasing the dog.

We have to know the meaning by the word order.

However, in old English, we don't Oa.

VI

[t] and [d] are allophones of the same phoneme./t/→[d]/ V__V.

[n] and [N] are also allophones of the same phoneme.

/n/→[N]/ __ [+consonantal, +velar].

Either the first one or the second is a kind of assimilation.

The first one.

VII

1. V +ment (establish +ment, apart +ment );

V +ion (transact +ion, adopt +ion)

2. en+ N (en+ amor, en+ cage); de+ N (de+ gas, de+ germ)

3. V +ful (hope +ful, harm +ful); V +less (use +less, reck +less)

4. A +ness (sad +ness, black +ness);

A+ist (kinetic +ist, eugenic +ist)

5. im+ A (im +possible, im +polite);

dis+ V (dis+ appear, dis+ affect)

VIII

Syntactically, given the data above,

we will have the following conclusion.

First, in the imperative sentence,

the subject allowed in the clause must be "you."

As a result, (m) and (p) are ill-formed.

Second, the subject, you, can be omitted in the imperative sentence.

Third, the reflexive must be "yourself."

As a result, (c), (f), (h), (k), and (o) are ungrammatical.

Fourth, the pronoun should be in the reflexive form,

so (e) is not allowed.

Finally, the tense of the imperative must be present;

therefore, (g) is not permissible.

Semantically, because the omitted subject

and the reflexive pronoun should refer to

the same person within one clause,

the reflexive must be "yourself."

That is why (c), (f), (h), (k), and (o) are not allowed.

Let me explain specifically, for example in (c): Take care of himself!

The reflexive should find a proper antecedent within one clause;

that is, the subject with [+third person, +male, - plural].

However, we have known the subject of the imperative must be YOU,

so it is impossible to find a proper subject for "himself."

Then, why (e) is ungrammatical?

That is because if the subject and the following pronoun refer to

the same person, the pronoun should become reflexive.

Moreover, only dynamic verbs have the imperative:

*know [+state] the answer is ill-formed.

資料來源:PTT轉考板zookeeper

蜜兒碎碎念:

 求學的過程中總有挫折，但那不是盡頭~

 只是在提醒你，該堅持，還是該轉彎了。

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